Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and improved safety features. One of the key advantages of LiFePO4 batteries is their voltage stability, which makes them a reliable power source for various applications. Understanding the LiFePO4 voltage chart is essential for monitoring the battery’s performance and ensuring safe operation.
A LiFePO4 battery’s voltage varies depending on its state of charge. The voltage rises as the battery charges and falls as it discharges. The relationship between voltage and state of charge is non-linear, meaning that a small change in SOC can cause a significant change in voltage.
The following table shows the typical voltage ranges for a LiFePO4 battery at different states of charge:
Effects of Voltage on LiFePO4 Battery Performance
Capacity
The battery capacity is directly proportional to its voltage. As the voltage increases, the battery’s capacity also increases. For instance, a 12V LiFePO4 battery will have a higher capacity than a 6V battery of the same size. Therefore, it is crucial to choose the right voltage rating based on the project’s power requirements.
Charging
LiFePO4 batteries require a specific charging voltage and current for optimal performance. If the charging voltage is too low, the battery will not charge fully, and its capacity will be reduced. On the other hand, if the charging voltage is too high, it can lead to overcharging, which can damage the battery and reduce its lifespan. Therefore, it is essential to use a charger that matches the battery’s specifications to ensure safe and efficient charging.
You can also read more: LiFePO4 Battery Charging Guide
Discharging
The battery’s discharge voltage also affects its performance. If the battery is discharged below the recommended voltage level, it can cause irreversible damage to the battery, reducing its capacity and lifespan. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the battery’s voltage during discharge and stop using it once the voltage drops below the recommended level.
Efficiency
The battery’s efficiency is directly related to its voltage. A higher voltage battery will be more efficient in providing power to the device. Therefore, choosing a higher voltage LiFePO4 battery for your project can increase the overall efficiency and reduce power loss.
Lifespan
The battery voltage also affects its lifespan. A higher-voltage battery may have a longer lifespan than a lower-voltage battery because it can handle more charge cycles. However, this also depends on other factors such as the quality of the battery, charging and discharging parameters, and the operating conditions.
Bulk, Float, And Equalize Voltages of LiFePO4
|
Types
|
3.2V
|
12V
|
24V
|
48V
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Bulk
|
3.65V
|
14.6V
|
29.2V
|
58.4V
|
|
Float
|
3.375V
|
13.5V
|
27.0V
|
54.0V
|
|
Equalize
|
3.65V
|
14.6V
|
29.2V
|
58.4V
|
LiFePO4 Battery Charging Parameters
|
Characteristics
|
3.2V
|
12V
|
24V
|
48V
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Charging Voltage
|
3.5~3.65V
|
14.2~14.6V
|
28.4V~29.2V
|
56.8V~58.4V
|
|
Float Voltage
|
3.2V
|
13.6V
|
27.2V
|
54.4V
|
|
Maximum Voltage
|
3.65V
|
14.6V
|
29.2V
|
58.4V
|
|
Minimum Voltage
|
2.5V
|
10V
|
20V
|
40V
|
|
Nominal Voltage
|
3.2V
|
12V/12.8V
|
24V/25.6V
|
48V/51.2V
|
In conclusion, the voltage rating of a LiFePO4 battery plays a significant role in determining its performance and lifespan. It is crucial to choose the right voltage rating, monitor the battery’s voltage during charging and discharging, and use a suitable charger to ensure safe and efficient operation. By following these guidelines, you can maximize the battery’s performance and lifespan, and ensure reliable power for your DIY projects.
Last table is wrong the first column entry, instead of maximum voltage 4,2v should be 3,65v the rest entries looks OK
Thank you for bringing that to my attention. I apologize for the mistake in the first column entry, I have modified it to the correct data
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Shouldn’t the “Minimum Voltage” in the second chart be 2.5V?
Hi Albrntt,
Thank you for your correction. The cut-off voltage of LiFePO4 discharge is 2.5V, which I have corrected. Thank you again.
Best Regards,
Eva
what if for every kind of LiFePO4 batteries (3.2V,12V,24V,48V) have voltage below their minimum voltage? can we recharge it?
Hi, Oktav
If LiFePO4 batteries of any voltage (3.2V, 12V, 24V, 48V) have dropped below their minimum voltage, it is generally not recommended to recharge them immediately. LiFePO4 batteries have a minimum voltage threshold to protect their longevity and performance. Discharging a battery below its minimum voltage can cause irreversible damage to the cells and affect their overall capacity and lifespan.
In such cases, it is advisable to take the following steps:
Disconnect the battery: Remove the battery from the device or system it is connected to.
Allow the battery to rest: Let the battery sit idle for some time (a few hours or overnight) to stabilize.
Check the voltage: Use a multimeter or battery voltage tester to measure the voltage of the battery. Ensure it has stabilized above the minimum voltage threshold for safe operation.
Recharge the battery: If the voltage has stabilized above the minimum threshold, you can proceed with recharging the battery using a compatible charger specifically designed for LiFePO4 batteries. Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines and recommended charging parameters.
It’s important to note that deep discharges and operating LiFePO4 batteries below their minimum voltage on a regular basis can significantly reduce their lifespan. Proper maintenance and monitoring of the battery’s voltage levels are crucial to ensure optimal performance and longevity.
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BatteryFinds Team